[chbot] Recommendations for fibre in CHCH
Spencer Travers
spencer.travers at gmail.com
Fri Mar 5 02:55:58 GMT 2021
Talking about Christchurch, the ONT is owned by Enable and is part of their
network. Enable is not a retail ISP.
An ISP typically supplies a Wi-Fi router that connects to the ONT via
ethernet. Confusingly, this is often still called a "modem" by many ISPs
(to be fair, many of these do also contain ADSL/VDSL modems). If your ISP
provides a VoIP service, this normally plugs into the ATA built into the
ISP router. In some less common cases the phone plugs into the ONT.
If you change ISPs you are normally sent a new router by the new ISP. The
ONT is untouched.
It is possible to use your own router instead of one supplied by your ISP,
so long as it supports VLAN tagging. The marketing term for this is "fibre
ready". You may be on your own if there are problems though.
Spencer
On Fri, Mar 5, 2021 at 2:57 PM Mark Atherton <markaren1 at xtra.co.nz> wrote:
> When you say "owned by the network" do you mean owned by the ISP ?
>
> Thanks, Mark
>
> On 5/03/2021 2:43 PM, Spencer Travers wrote:
> > Mark,
> >
> > The Enable street cabinets contain passive optical splitters and I do
> > not believe they require power.
> >
> > The technology used is GPON, where the P is for passive.
> >
> > In general terms, one fibre comes from the "exchange" and is passively
> > split at the cabinet (up to 32 ways?) to you and your neighbours. The
> > ONTs are responsible for multiplexing/demultiplexing in coordination
> > with one another. This is part of the reason they are owned by the
> network.
> >
> > Spencer
> >
> > On Fri, Mar 5, 2021 at 1:17 PM Mark Atherton <markaren1 at xtra.co.nz
> > <mailto:markaren1 at xtra.co.nz>> wrote:
> >
> > Thanks Helmut.
> >
> > I am familiar with VOIP, I have 2talk account and a collection of
> VOIP
> > phones, and ATAs.
> >
> > I can deal with local power within the premises, but much more
> > concerned
> > that the cabinets back to the CO will still be powered (if indeed
> they
> > need such).
> >
> > Presumably Central Offices still have huge backup batteries since
> they
> > will be feeding cell-towers etc.
> >
> > So, really just trying to understand the whole mess.
> >
> > We do have two cell-phones, each with separate suppliers, so
> diversity
> > there. Also have a means to connect mobile-data into the local
> network
> > via a bridge, should we lose regular internet.
> >
> > If we are going to make changes, I am interested in learning about
> > data-supply limitations before we push the purchase button, not
> after :)
> >
> > Regards, Mark
> >
> > PS thanks for those links; interesting reading.
> >
> >
> >
> > On 5/03/2021 11:40 AM, Helmut Walle wrote:
> > > Sorry, Mark - I did not respond to the dial tone question
> > initially, because you had already
> > > mentioned that you would need backup power for your router to
> > keep it going, and that the rest
> > > of the system would need to have a backup power supply, too - so
> > it looked like an acknowledged
> > > and well understood issue.
> > >
> > > But actually there may be a little bit more to it... as per
> > Charles's comment below the dial
> > > tone itself is generated by the router if the router does have
> > analogue / POTS telephony ports
> > > (many or probably most do, but if it's important check what you
> > get or are buying). If it does
> > > not you can still use a VoIP app on any terminal equipment
> > (Mobile phone, tablet, laptop,
> > > desktop PC) connected to a VoIP service via any Internet
> > connection (you can for example run a
> > > VoIP call using a mobile phone over a 4G/LTE based Internet
> > connection just fine, even though
> > > that is not the "standard" way of making voice calls on 4G). If
> > you need to be able to connect
> > > an old-style analogue phone you will either need a router with
> > support for analogue phones, or
> > > you can add an Analogue Telephone Adapter (ATA) that provides
> > both the physical interface and
> > > all the protocols required for VoIP calling. Or you can use a
> > VoIP phone set to plug into your
> > > LAN. Obviously any and all of these devices needs backup power.
> > >
> > > Now there is a further point to consider: the fibre does not plug
> > into the router. The fibre
> > > will per definition only reach to the optical network termination
> > (ONT). In principle this could
> > > be anywhere, but in practice it will probably end up being either
> > close to where the line enters
> > > the house, or if there is a telecommunications cabinet (probably
> > the case in all recent builds)
> > > where all the various networs cables are ending (TV, LAN, phone,
> > ...) it will be there. The ONT,
> > > true to its name, terminates the optical network connection at
> > the customer premises end, and it
> > > provides a range of demultiplexing / multiplexing services and
> > respective physical ports. It
> > > will at least have an Ethernet port (should be Gbps), because
> > that is needed to connect the
> > > router, and it may well have analogue telephony ports, too. The
> > ONT that came with my "default"
> > > fibre install has 4 x Eth and 2 x Phone. Only one of my Eth ports
> > is used to connect the router.
> > > But I am not using the phone ports on the ONT at all, because the
> > ONT is in the telecoms cabinet
> > > in the garage, whereas the router is in the lounge, and that is
> > where I need the phone. The
> > > "default" router that I got also has two analogue phone ports...
> > >
> > > Soooo - for me to have a dial tone during a mains outage, I would
> > need backup power for both ONT
> > > and router. And that is in addition to backup power for the phone
> > itself, because, although it
> > > is an "analogue" phone it actually is a wireless type that
> > obviously also needs a power supply.
> > > Now where I wrote backup power, none of these devices really need
> > an AC mains supply, as they
> > > all happen to come with a plug pack anyway... So a much simpler
> > "UPS" consisting just of a
> > > battery and a trickle / maintenance charger would be quite
> > sufficient.
> > >
> > > With all of that hassle in mind, and mains outages being quite
> > rare here, a mobile phone may be
> > > the better option for emergency calling.
> > >
> > > Further to the technical discussion above, there are also
> > regulations in place to set out
> > > requirements for emergency calling services. These also include
> > requirements for making
> > > customers aware of the possibility of loss of certain services in
> > the event of a power outage.
> > > If you are interested in that the NZ Telecommunications Forum may
> > be a starting point,
> > > specifically the "Broadband Product Disclosure Code" and the
> > "Emergency Voice Calling Services
> > > Code":
> > >
> > >
> >
> https://www.tcf.org.nz/industry/standards-compliance/customer-experience/broadband-product-disclosure/
> > >
> >
> https://www.tcf.org.nz/industry/standards-compliance/customer-experience/broadband-product-disclosure/
> > >
> > > I am not too familiar with the higher-level regulatory framework
> > and its drivers, but the
> > > Telecommunications Act could provide relevant information.
> > Schedule 2A of the Act about the
> > > Copper Withdrawal Code may be relevant, too. The finalised Copper
> > Withdrawal Code itself has
> > > just been published recently
> > >
> >
> https://comcom.govt.nz/regulated-industries/telecommunications/projects/copper-withdrawal-code?target=documents&root=210534
> > >
> > >
> > > Kind regards,
> > >
> > > Helmut.
> > >
> > >
> > > On 05/03/2021 08:32, Charles Manning wrote:
> > > [...]
> > >>
> > >> Unlike with ADSL, you will not get a dial tone in a power
> > outage. There is no ring voltage over
> > >> fibre because it is non-conductive. That has to be recreated
> > in-house by the fibre modem thingy
> > >> (I assure you that is the correct technical term :-)). If that
> > is not getting power then no dial
> > >> tone. If you have a UPS then you should be good.
> > >>
> > >> -- Charles
> > >
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